Abstract Background: Extracranial internal carotid aneurysms are extremely rare and usually diagnosed as incidental findings although thromboembolic events or rupture can occur. Historically treated by open surgery, endovascular repair is emerging as an alternative. We present our center’s experience with both approaches. Case reports: Four internal carotid aneurysm cases are presented: Case 1 - 60-year-old male presented with an asymptomatic 20mm saccular aneurysm of the carotid bifurcation. He underwent arterial reconstruction with a bypass using a 6mm ePTFE graft and reimplantation of the external carotid artery. Case 2 - 61-year-old female presents with an asymptomatic 17mm saccular aneurysm of the internal carotid artery. Aneurismectomy and direct reconstruction through an end-to-end anastomosis was possible due to artery redundancy. Case 3 - 36-year-old patient with a history of Cushing's syndrome due to a secretory adenoma of the pituitary gland presented with an 19mm fusiform aneurysm of the internal carotid artery. After pituitary gland tumor recession, he underwent arterial reconstruction with an inlay saphenous vein bypass. Case 4 - 77-year-old female presents with a 27mm saccular aneurysm of the internal carotid artery. Endovascular aneurysm exclusion using a self-expandable covered stent was performed through a cervical carotid surgical approach. Stent occlusion was observed in the postoperative period but without neurological symptoms. Conclusion: Existing data on endovascular treatment’s short- and medium-term outcomes are comparable to surgery, but long-term results are unknown and high rates of technical failure have been associated to artery tortuosity. There are no specific guidelines to guide decision-making and treatment decisions must be individualized according to the morphology and location of the aneurysm and patient's comorbidities.

Abstract Introduction: The femoropopliteal biomechanical characteristics make the endovascular treatment of complex lesions particularly challenging. Despite several studies reporting longer patency of femoropopliteal stenting when compared to balloon angioplasty, long-term outcomes are still marginal due to the high rate of restenosis, stent fracture, and thrombosis. This study aims to review the current literature on the outcomes of the endovascular treatment of the femoropopliteal sector with the Supera® stent. Materials and methods: A literature search was carried on the PubMed database using the search terms [“Supera” AND “femoropopliteal”]. Prospective and retrospective original studies were selected after title and abstract analysis. A comprehensive narrative review was constructed using the selected publications as references. Results: Thirteen studies were analyzed, comprising a total of 1441 limbs with femoropopliteal obstructive disease treated with the Supera® stent. The 12-month primary-patency rate (PPR) ranged from 72.6% to 94.1%, the 24-month PPR ranged from 60.8% to 83.1% and the 36-month PPR ranged from 69.5% to 76.7%. For high-complexity anatomies, including TASC C and D lesions, the 12-month PPR was >64%. There were no stent fractures reported in any of the included studies. Conclusion: The Supera® stent showed promising results for the endovascular treatment of the femoropopliteal sector, highlighting its performance in high-complexity anatomic patterns.

Abstract Introduction: Chimney EVAR (ChEVAR) for the treatment of complex abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) has been largely relegated for when fenestrated endografts are unavailable, especially due to durability concerns. However, the off-the-shelf nature of ChEVAR makes it a good option for emergent AAA repair. We report our institutional experience in ChEVAR in an urgent setting. Methods: ChEVAR procedures were collected f rom 2019 to 2023 in a tertiary hospital, and a retrospective analysis was performed. This includes gathered information f rom electronic medical records, surgical reports and the picture archiving system. Descriptive statistics were applied. The main endpoints were technical success,30-day and 1-year survival. Results: Five patients were submitted to urgent aneurysm repair using the chEVAR technique. Average age was 73,4 years and all patients were male. Arterial hypertension was present in 100% patients and all patients were ASA 4. Indications for surgery were post EVAR type 1a endoleak with associated rupture or abdominal pain in two patients; symptomatic/contained rupture of pararenal AAA in two patients; and contained rupture of a thoracoabdominal aneurysm in one patient. A total of eight target vessels were catheterized: two patients required single-vessel chimney and the remainder two-vessel chimney. Target vessels were two superior mesenteric arteries and six renal arteries. Technical success rate was 100% and 30-day mortality was 0%. There were no major complications. Follow-up time is 20.2 months (4.7-38). Target vessel patency during the follow-up period was 87.5%. Three patients (60%) died due to non-aortic related pathologies, on average 18 months after surgery (4.7-38), with a 1-year survival of 80%. Conclusion: Our experience with ChEVAR for emergent AAA repair is satisfactory, with high technical success rates and low short-term mortality. Sac regression, low rates of target vessel occlusion and type 1a endoleaks reveal a favourable profile for aneurysm exclusion. ChEVAR is a viable option in emergent setting for patients unfit for open repair.

Abstract Introduction: Endovascular reconstruction of the thoracoabdominal aorta is highly complex due to the need to preserve the main visceral branches. Optimal treatment with fenestrated and branched aneurysm aortic repair (F/B-EVAR) is usually not possible in urgent situations. Parallel grafting technique as an “off-the-shelf” solution have been described with good short and medium-term results. Case report: A 44-year-old male, born in Guinea Bissau, presents to the emergency department with epigastric pain radiating to the dorsum. The patient had a history of large vessel vasculitis secondary to Bechet’s disease (HLA B51 allele positivity) and previous thoracic aneurysm aortic repair (TEVAR) to treat a paraceliac aortic pseudoaneurysm. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) demonstrated a pseudoaneurysm with approximately 10 cm diameter at zone 6 immediately distal to the previous endoprosthesis. The pseudoaneurysm was excluded with a parallel grafting technique using a 31mm aortic endoprosthesis with a periscope graft for the right renal artery in a “sandwich-like” configuration and a chimney graft for the superior mesenteric artery (SMA). Postoperative CTA confirmed the exclusion of the pseudoaneurysm and permeable bridging stents. Conclusion: The pathology of the thoracoabdominal aorta is technically demanding, requiring experience and detailed planning. The complexity increases in emergency cases. Our case highlights that the parallel grafting technique should be encouraged in life-threatening scenarios as a readily available solution for complex aortic repair, even in a reconstructed aorta.

Abstract Introduction: Vascular Surgery is a demanding specialty with vast technological and research advances in the last decades. This has led to an increasing complexity of providing adequate training programs for the modern Vascular Surgeon. Our aim was to understand the current satisfaction rates and perceived limitations of the Vascular Surgery residency program in Portugal by performing an online survey to residents. Methods: A survey study was conducted between April and June 2021 targeting Angiology and Vascular Surgery Residents in Portugal. Residents were contacted by e-mail from the National Portuguese Society of Angiology and Vascular Surgery to answer the survey. The survey was anonymized, and all residents from the 1st to 6th year were invited to participate. The survey was carried out using the Google® Forms platform and using Portuguese language. Questions were developed with two main objectives, the first being to analyze the satisfaction rates with the current residency program and the second to understand current limitations and possible areas of improvement. Results: Overall, 33 (65%) out of 51 invited residents participated in the survey, with equally distributions regarding the year of residency. Nineteen residents were male (57.6%). Most residents considered that the current one-year General Surgery rotation should be reduced and replaced by other specialties such as Radiology. Main surgical limitations were found with open aortic surgery. However, when compared to other European countries, residents considered that the main current limitation was scientific/academic training. Most residents were satisfied with their residency and felt professional fulfillment, however, most also reported having an unhealthy work-life balance and lack of time for academic and scientific research. When comparing the survey answers between younger and older residents, older residents reported more often having considered quitting and having experienced bullying or harassment. Conclusion: The findings from this study provide insight into the perceptions of the trainees regarding current training limitations and satisfaction rates with the residency program and may provide a base for improvement and development strategies in the residency programs in Portugal.

Abstract Introduction: Endovascular reconstruction of the thoracoabdominal aorta is highly complex due to the need to preserve the main visceral branches. Optimal treatment with fenestrated and branched aneurysm aortic repair (F/B-EVAR) is usually not possible in urgent situations. Parallel grafting technique as an “off-the-shelf” solution have been described with good short and medium-term results. Case report: A 44-year-old male, born in Guinea Bissau, presents to the emergency department with epigastric pain radiating to the dorsum. The patient had a history of large vessel vasculitis secondary to Bechet’s disease (HLA B51 allele positivity) and previous thoracic aneurysm aortic repair (TEVAR) to treat a paraceliac aortic pseudoaneurysm. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) demonstrated a pseudoaneurysm with approximately 10 cm diameter at zone 6 immediately distal to the previous endoprosthesis. The pseudoaneurysm was excluded with a parallel grafting technique using a 31mm aortic endoprosthesis with a periscope graft for the right renal artery in a “sandwich-like” configuration and a chimney graft for the superior mesenteric artery (SMA). Postoperative CTA confirmed the exclusion of the pseudoaneurysm and permeable bridging stents. Conclusion: The pathology of the thoracoabdominal aorta is technically demanding, requiring experience and detailed planning. The complexity increases in emergency cases. Our case highlights that the parallel grafting technique should be encouraged in life-threatening scenarios as a readily available solution for complex aortic repair, even in a reconstructed aorta.

Abstract Introduction: Vascular Surgery is a demanding specialty with vast technological and research advances in the last decades. This has led to an increasing complexity of providing adequate training programs for the modern Vascular Surgeon. Our aim was to understand the current satisfaction rates and perceived limitations of the Vascular Surgery residency program in Portugal by performing an online survey to residents. Methods: A survey study was conducted between April and June 2021 targeting Angiology and Vascular Surgery Residents in Portugal. Residents were contacted by e-mail from the National Portuguese Society of Angiology and Vascular Surgery to answer the survey. The survey was anonymized, and all residents from the 1st to 6th year were invited to participate. The survey was carried out using the Google® Forms platform and using Portuguese language. Questions were developed with two main objectives, the first being to analyze the satisfaction rates with the current residency program and the second to understand current limitations and possible areas of improvement. Results: Overall, 33 (65%) out of 51 invited residents participated in the survey, with equally distributions regarding the year of residency. Nineteen residents were male (57.6%). Most residents considered that the current one-year General Surgery rotation should be reduced and replaced by other specialties such as Radiology. Main surgical limitations were found with open aortic surgery. However, when compared to other European countries, residents considered that the main current limitation was scientific/academic training. Most residents were satisfied with their residency and felt professional fulfillment, however, most also reported having an unhealthy work-life balance and lack of time for academic and scientific research. When comparing the survey answers between younger and older residents, older residents reported more often having considered quitting and having experienced bullying or harassment. Conclusion: The findings from this study provide insight into the perceptions of the trainees regarding current training limitations and satisfaction rates with the residency program and may provide a base for improvement and development strategies in the residency programs in Portugal.

Abstract Introduction: Kidney autotransplantation (KAT) is a versatile surgical technique used to treat multiple diseases affecting the kidney. This procedure allows the reconstruction of the renal artery or vein with optimal surgical exposure reducing warm ischemia time compared to open direct repair. Although infrequently reported nowadays and despite the growing use of endovascular treatments, KAT still has a place in treating complex kidney vascular conditions. Methods: We performed a literature review using the MEDLINE®, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases with the combination of the terms: “kidney autotransplantation,” “renal artery,” “renal vein,” “aorta,” “aneurysm,” and “nutcracker syndrome.” All relevant English-language studies published between January 1990 and June 2022 reporting the outcomes of the KAT technique in vascular disorders were included. Results: A total of 32 articles were included. Ex-vivo repair and KAT is widely described in treating renal artery aneurysms (RAA), with a reported technical success rate of 99.9%, a complication rate ranging from 6.9 to 9.4%, and a graft loss rate of up to 4.1%. The use of the laparoscopic technique for harvesting the kidney was variable throughout the series published, and heterotopic KAT was performed in most treated patients. Ex-vivo repair and KAT was successfully used after failed endovascular therapy and is a viable option in women of childbearing age with bilateral complex RAA. Concerning renal artery stenosis associated with different etiologies (fibromuscular dysplasia, Takayasu's arteritis, and neurofibromatosis type 1), significant reduction of blood pressure and the number of anti-hypertensive drugs have been reported in most patients after KAT. Results of arterial hypertension improvement associated with RAA after KAT are more variable. The use of KAT in treating nutcracker syndrome is reported with good results, even after left renal vein transposition or venous stenting failure. Other reports exist on the successful use of KAT for treating renal vein aneurysms and as an adjunct in open surgical or hybrid aortic reconstructions. Conclusion: Renal autotransplantation is a useful technique in the treatment of kidney vascular disorders with good overall results reported in the literature. It may be an essential adjunct in open surgical or hybrid treatments for abdominal and thoracoabdominal aortic diseases. Defining the patients who would benefit from this technique as a preferential treatment choice in different renal vessel disorders would be necessary.

Abstract Introduction: The ischemic window of kidney parenchyma is narrow, so a rapid development of renal infarction after acute renal artery occlusion is expected. However, patients often present with nonspecific symptoms and laboratory findings, making the early diagnosis challenging and contributing to treatment delay. Irreversible kidney dysfunction seems not to depend on the total warm ischemia time alone, and other factors could play a role. Case report: A 64-year-old male with chronic kidney disease presented to the emergency department with acute kidney injury of unknown etiology. Unfavorable evolution demanded the initiation of hemodialysis due to refractory hypervolemia and resistant high blood pressure some days later. A computed tomography angiography showed aortoiliac occlusion starting below the superior mesenteric artery, conditioning the occlusion of the proximal segment of both renal arteries. A splenorenal retrocaval bypass was done uneventfully, 21 days after the initial presentation, to revascularize the right kidney. After surgery, the patient showed marked improvement of diuresis with decreased nitrogen retention parameters, allowing definitive suspension of the dialysis technique in the first post-operative week and controlled blood pressure. Serum creatinine dropped to baseline and remained stable at one year of follow-up. Chronic limb-threatening ischemia developed later in the left lower limb, and the patient was revascularized with an axillobifemoral bypass. Conclusion: Our case highlights the benefit of aggressive late renal revascularization in selected patients with acute renal artery occlusion who maintain residual tubular function and some perfusion of kidneys despite proximal occlusion of the renal artery. More extensive studies would be essential to provide adequate patient selection and management recommendations.

Abstract Introduction: Percutaneous endovenous treatment is the first-line therapy for chronic nonmalignant iliocaval venous obstruction (ICVO) due to low morbidity and suitable medium and long-term results. Open surgical procedures are only used as a last resort therapy. However, there is a lack of updated data regarding surgical techniques and outcomes. We present two cases of surgical venous reconstructions to treat ICVO using expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) grafts and discuss the evidence regarding technical aspects to improve long-term patency. Case reports: The first case concerns a 69-year-old male with chronic edema and venous ulceration associated with ICVO secondary to iliocaval stent thrombosis. After an unsuccessful endovascular treatment attempt, we performed a surgical iliocaval bypass using a 10mm ringed ePTFE graft. After three months, complete ulcer healing was observed. The other patient was a 63-year-old female with disabling chronic edema of the right lower limb and venous claudication consequent to the ligation of the right common femoral vein to correct an iatrogenic vascular injury during orthopedic surgery. The patient underwent venous bypass between the deep femoral vein and the ipsilateral common iliac vein using a 12mm ringed ePTFE graft. A marked improvement in clinical symptoms was observed after treatment. A venous stent was used later to treat an anastomotic stenosis. Conclusion: Our experience supports open venous reconstruction as a viable option for patients with benign ICVO and debilitating symptoms not amenable to endovascular treatment. Important technical aspects such as adequate inflow vein, the choice of the prosthetic graft, long-term anticoagulation, and the creation of a distal arteriovenous fistula should be considered to improve patency.

Abstract Introduction: Syphilis is a chronic infection caused by Treponema pallidum. Manifestations of this disease are vast, and syphilitic hepatitis is a rarely depicted form of secondary syphilis. Case Presentation: We report the case of a 63-year-old man with worsening jaundice, maculopapular rash and perianal discomfort. Proctological examination with anoscopy revealed a perianal gray/white area with millimetric pale granules along the anal canal. Liver function tests showed a mixed pattern. Venereal Disease Research Laboratory, T. pallidum hemagglutination assay and IgM fluorescent treponemal antibody absorbance were positive. The patient was successfully treated with a single dose of penicillin G. Discussion/Conclusion: Syphilitic hepatitis is scarcely reported in the literature. Secondary syphilis with mild hepatitis rarely leads to hepatic cytolysis and jaundice. Many signs of secondary syphilis including syphilitic hepatitis may be linked to immune responses initiated during early infection. Over the past decades, evidence has emerged on the importance of innate and adaptive cellular immune responses in the immunopathogenesis of syphilis. This report raises awareness to a clinical entity that should be considered in patients at risk for sexually transmitted diseases, who present with intestinal discomfort or liver dysfunction, as it is a treatable and fully reversible condition.

Resumo Introdução: A sífilis é uma infeção crónica provocada pelo Treponema pallidum. As manifestações desta doença são vastas e a hepatite sifilítica é uma forma de sífilis secundária raramente descrita. Caso Clínico: Apresentamos o caso de um doente de 63 anos com icterícia de agravamento progressivo, rash maculopapular e desconforto perianal. O exame proctológico complementado por anuscopia revelou uma região perianal cinzenta-esbranquiçada com grânulos pálidos milimétricos ao longo do canal anal. Testes de função hepática revelaram um padrão misto e o Venereal Disease Research Laboratory, T. pallidum hemagglutination assay e IgM fluorescent treponemal antibody absorbance foram positivos. O doente foi tratado com sucesso com uma dose única de penicilina G. Discussão/Conclusão: São raros os casos de hepatite sifilítica descritos na literatura. Sífilis secundária com hepatite ligeira raramente conduz a citólise hepática e icterícia. Muitos dos sinais de sífilis secundária, incluindo a hepatite sifilítica, parecem estar associados a respostas imunitárias iniciadas durante o período de infeção precoce. Ao longo das últimas décadas, têm surgido evidências crescentes sobre a importância das respostas imunes inata e adaptativa na patogénese da sífilis. Este caso clínico descreve uma entidade nosológica que deve ser considerada em doentes em risco de contraírem doenças sexualmente transmissíveis, que se apresentem com desconforto intestinal ou disfunção hepática, visto tratar-se de uma condição tratável e totalmente reversível.

Resumo Introdução: A disseção isolada da aorta abdominal (DIAA) é um evento relativamente raro e não estão dernidas indicações claras para tratamento. A sua história natural é pouco compreendida devido a essa raridade e ao facto de a maioria dos cirurgiões terem um limiar reduzido para intervenção nestes doentes. A cirurgia aberta representa o tratamento clássico mas a intervenção endovascular apresenta aceitação na grande generalidade dos centros cirúrgicos sendo atualmente a opção mais adotada. As maiores séries de doentes descritas na literatura provêm da Ásia apresentando a maior delas uma amostra de apenas 33 casos enquanto que nas séries ocidentais a maior descreve apenas 21 doentes. Métodos: Estudo retrospetivo, observacional, de doentes com DIAA tratados, por cirurgia aberta ou endovascular, num Centro Cirúrgico. Resultados: Descrevemos oito doentes com DIAA que foram submetidos a cirurgia na nossa Instituição (quatro homens e quatro mulheres. A mediana de idades à apresentação era de 78 anos e todos os doentes eram assintomáticos. O diâmetro aórtico mediano à apresentação era de 30mm (14-85mm). Todos os doentes, com exceção de um, foram submetidos a tratamento endovascular. Três doentes foram tratados com endopróteses aórticas bifurcadas, em três doentes foram implantadas endopróteses tubulares únicas (extensores ilíacos de endopróteses aórticas bifurcadas) e um doente foi submetido a uma reconstrução endovascular da bifurcação aórtica (“CERAB”) por doença arterial obstrutiva coexistente da bifurcação aórtica. Não ocorreram mortes per-operatórias. O tempo mediano de seguimento dos doentes foi de 6,2 anos (2 meses - 13 anos). Foi necessária reintervenção tardia em um doente, 8 anos após a cirurgia inicial, devido a uma endofuga tipo 1. Conclusão: De acordo com a nossa experiência a intervenção endovascular representa um tratamento seguro e durável na DIAA, no entanto, um seguimento prolongado dos doentes é obrigatório. São necessários estudos de maior dimensão com tempos de seguimento alargados para melhor compreender esta doença.

Abstract Introduction: Isolated abdominal aortic dissection (IAAD) is a relatively rare event and precise indications for treatment aren't clearly deJned. Its natural history is not fully understood due to the rarity of the disease and to the fact that most surgeons have a low threshold to intervene in these patients. Open surgery represents the classical treatment but endovascular intervention has gained wide acceptance in most centers and is now the most frequently adopted treatment option. The largest series of treated patients are from Asian centers with the largest of them comprising only 33 cases whereas in western surgical centers the largest series contains only 21 patients. Methods: Single center, retrospective, observational, study of patients with IAAD who were treated with open or endovascular surgery. Results: We describe eight patients with IAAD who underwent treatment in our institution (four males and four females). Median age at presentation was 78 years and all patients were asymptomatic. Median aortic diameter at presentation was 30mm (14-85mm). All but one patient underwent endovascular treatment. Three patients were treated with bifurcated aortic endografts, three patients had a single stent-graft (iliac limbs of aortic endografts) implanted and one patient underwent a CERAB procedure for coexistent stenotic disease of the aortic bifurcation. There were no perioperative deaths. Median follow-up was 6,2 years (2 months-13 years). Late reintervention was needed in one patient, 8 years after initial surgery, due to a type 1 endoleak. Conclusion: According to our experience, endovascular intervention represents a safe and durable treatment option in IAAD, however, long-term follow-up is mandatory. Larger studies with longer follow-ups are needed to understand this disease.

Resumo Introdução: Os aneurismas da artéria renal são entidades clínicas raras cujos critérios de tratamento não se encontram totalmente estabelecidos. O tratamento endovascular tem ganho aceitação no caso dos aneurismas do tronco da artéria renal. No entanto, no caso dos aneurismas dos ramos das artérias renais tais procedimentos não são possíveis devido à elevada morbilidade, pelo que não existe consenso quanto ao melhor tratamento. Apresentamos um caso clínico de uma doente com aneurismas múltiplos dos ramos das artérias renais, bilateralmente, tratados com reconstrução ex-vivo e autotransplante renal. Apresentação do caso: Doente do sexo feminino de 35 anos diagnosticada com aneurismas das artérias renais bilateralmente durante a investigação de hipertensão arterial secundária. A doente foi submetida a tratamento cirúrgico sequencial com reconstrução ex-vivo e autotransplante renal tendo sido inicialmente tratado o rim direito. O procedimento cirúrgico iniciou-se pela nefrectomia laparoscópica transperitoneal. Procedeu-se à correção ex-vivo dos aneurismas “em banca” com aneurismectomia e aneurismorraLa. O enxerto foi implantado na fossa ilíaca direita com anastomoses às artéria e veia ilíacas externas sem intercorrências. Três meses depois, foi realizado um procedimento idêntico à esquerda. À inspeção “em banca” observou-se um volumoso aneurisma na bifurcação da artéria renal e outro aneurisma de pequenas dimensões num dos ramos, ambos corrigidos com aneurismectomia e aneurismorraLa. O controlo angiográLco ex-vivo assegurou a preservação da patência das artérias do enxerto sem evidência de aneurismas. O rim foi implantado nos vasos ilíacos externos esquerdos sem intercorrências. Foi realizado estudo com cintigrafia renal que confirmou a adequada função de ambos os rins. Aos nove meses de seguimento a doente apresenta-se assintomática com valores de creatinina sérica e taxa de filtração glomerular dentro dos valores normais. Conclusão: O autotransplante renal com reparação arterial ex-vivo parece ser uma boa solução no tratamento de patologia aneurismática da artéria renal, nomeadamente, nos casos complexos com múltiplos aneurismas.

Abstract Introduction: Renal artery aneurysms are rare clinical entities whose treatment criteria are not fully established. Endovascular treatment has gained acceptance in the case of renal artery trunk aneurysms. However, in the case of aneurysms of the renal artery branches, such procedures are often impossible due to high morbidity, so the question remains about the best treatment modality. We present a clinical case of multiple bilateral aneurysms of the renal artery branches in a young patient adequately treated with ex-vivo reconstruction and renal autotransplantation. Case-presentation: A 35-year-old woman was diagnosed with bilateral renal artery aneurysms during an investigation of secondary arterial hypertension (AHT). The patient underwent surgical treatment with renal autotransplantation, and the right kidney was initially treated. Transperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy was performed. She underwent ex vivo repair of aneurysms, on the bench, with aneurysmectomy and aneurysmorrhaphy. The graft was implanted in the right iliac fossa with anastomoses to the external iliac artery and vein. After three months, an identical procedure was performed on the left. Upon inspection, a large aneurysm was observed in the renal artery bifurcation and another small aneurysm in one of the branches; both corrected with aneurysmec- tomy and aneurysmorrhaphy. Ex-vivo angiographic control ensured the preservation of graft arteries patency without evidence of residual aneurysms. The kidney was implanted in the left external iliac vessels uneventfully. A study with renal scintigraphy confirmed the adequate function of both kidneys. The patient is asymptomatic at nine months of follow-up with serum creatinine and glomerular filtration rate within normal values. Conclusion: Renal autotransplantation with ex vivo arterial repair seems to be a good solution in treating aneurysms of the renal artery, particularly in complex cases with multiple aneurysms.